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Aggregates or crushed stone is one of the major raw materials used in the construction of a building. Also known as “metal” in the construction parlance, aggregate is a key ingredient of concrete, along with cement, sand, and water. In general, aggregate forms about 70-80% of | the volume of the concrete. Therefore, it can be undoubtedly said that the strength of concrete depends primarily on the strength of the aggregates used. Aggregates are formed by crushing quarry stones in a crusher and grading it to different Sizes.
Mixing Material
Aggregates are mixed with cement, bitumen, lime, gypsum, or another adhesive to create mortar or concrete in architectural work.
Inert Materials
In addition to water and portland cement, aggregates are inert granular materials like sand, gravel, or crushed stone that are a necessary component of concrete.
Strengthen The Concrete
The aggregate gives the finished product the volume, stability, wear and erosion resistance, and other desired physical properties. It enhances the concrete structure’s strength and increases its durability.
When mixed with concrete, aggregates provide exceptional dimensional stability by increasing elastic modulus, strength, and abrasion resistance.
The proportions of the mixture and hardening properties are also influenced by the quality of the aggregates in the construction work.
Fine aggregates acts as a structural filler that account for the majority of concrete mix volume formulas for building structures.
Similarly concrete made with aggregates of rough surface is stronger than that with a smooth surface.
Grading of aggregate greatly affects strength and imperviousness of concrete. If the coarse and fine aggregates are well graded, the percentage of void in the concrete is considerably reduced. The voids of the fine aggregate are then filled using the cement paste while voids of coarse aggregate are filled with the mortar consisting of sand, cement, and water.
Aggregates must be clean and free from clay, silt and find dust etc so that proper mixing is possible. Dirt or other adherent coating would weaken the adhesion between individual particles in hardened concrete.
